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angular跨组件传值怎么实现

小亿
101
2023-11-20 20:38:03
栏目: 编程语言

在Angular中,可以使用以下几种方法实现跨组件传值:

  1. 利用@Input和@Output装饰器:通过在子组件中使用@Input装饰器接收父组件传递的值,然后通过@Output装饰器将子组件的值传递给父组件。

    父组件:

    import { Component } from '@angular/core';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-parent',
      template: `
        <h1>Parent Component</h1>
        <app-child [childValue]="parentValue" (childEvent)="handleChildEvent($event)"></app-child>
      `
    })
    export class ParentComponent {
      parentValue: string;
    
      handleChildEvent(event: string) {
        console.log(event);
      }
    }
    

    子组件:

    import { Component, Input, Output, EventEmitter } from '@angular/core';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-child',
      template: `
        <h2>Child Component</h2>
        <input [(ngModel)]="childValue" (input)="childEvent.emit(childValue)">
      `
    })
    export class ChildComponent {
      @Input() childValue: string;
      @Output() childEvent = new EventEmitter<string>();
    }
    
  2. 使用服务(Service):创建一个共享的服务,将要传递的值存储在该服务中,然后在需要访问该值的组件中注入该服务。

    共享服务:

    import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
    
    @Injectable({
      providedIn: 'root'
    })
    export class SharedService {
      sharedValue: string;
    }
    

    组件1:

    import { Component } from '@angular/core';
    import { SharedService } from './shared.service';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-component1',
      template: `
        <h1>Component 1</h1>
        <input [(ngModel)]="sharedService.sharedValue">
      `
    })
    export class Component1Component {
      constructor(public sharedService: SharedService) {}
    }
    

    组件2:

    import { Component } from '@angular/core';
    import { SharedService } from './shared.service';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-component2',
      template: `
        <h2>Component 2</h2>
        <p>{{ sharedService.sharedValue }}</p>
      `
    })
    export class Component2Component {
      constructor(public sharedService: SharedService) {}
    }
    
  3. 使用路由参数:通过在URL中传递参数,不同组件之间可以通过路由参数进行通信。

    路由配置:

    import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
    import { Routes, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';
    import { Component1Component } from './component1.component';
    import { Component2Component } from './component2.component';
    
    const routes: Routes = [
      { path: 'component1/:value', component: Component1Component },
      { path: 'component2/:value', component: Component2Component },
    ];
    
    @NgModule({
      imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
      exports: [RouterModule]
    })
    export class AppRoutingModule { }
    

    组件1:

    import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
    import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-component1',
      template: `
        <h1>Component 1</h1>
        <p>Value: {{ value }}</p>
      `
    })
    export class Component1Component implements OnInit {
      value: string;
    
      constructor(private route: ActivatedRoute) {}
    
      ngOnInit() {
        this.route.params.subscribe(params => {
          this.value = params['value'];
        });
      }
    }
    

    组件2:

    import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
    import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
    
    @Component({
      selector: 'app-component2',
      template: `
        <h2>Component 2</h2>
        <p>Value: {{ value }}</p>
      `
    })
    export class Component2Component implements OnInit {
      value: string;
    
      constructor(private route: ActivatedRoute) {}
    
      ngOnInit() {
        this.route.params.subscribe(params => {
          this.value = params['value'];
        });
      }
    }
    

这些方法都可以实现跨组件传值,具体选择哪种方法

0