这篇文章主要讲解了“ShardingSphere5.0.0-alpha如何实现mysql分库分表”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“ShardingSphere5.0.0-alpha如何实现mysql分库分表”吧！
本文会基于 Springboot + mybatis + shardingsphere + mysql5.6 + druid 进行实战讲解
本文在上一篇文章[数据分表]的基础上增加了 分库 的功能
本文不会介绍 shardingsphere 以及分库分表的相关概念
本文采用的 shardingsphere 版本是 5.0.0-alpha, 具体见 pom 文件
本文涉及的源码请参考 分库
如果看官方文档时, 请选择对应的版本 !!!
文中涉及的源码可能会有误, 请以上传到 gitee 的源码为准.
我们有两个数据库 miaosha2 和 miaosha3, 每个数据库中都有 2 张被拆分过的用户表 user_info0 和 user_info1
当我们往用户表插数据时, 会按照一定的规则(根据自增id取模), 落到某个 miaosha 库中的某张 user_info 表中.
create database miaosha2; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `miaosha2`.`user_info0`; CREATE TABLE `miaosha2`.`user_info0` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `phone` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `active` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 7 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_bin; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `miaosha2`.`user_info1`; CREATE TABLE `miaosha2`.`user_info1` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `phone` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `active` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_bin; create database miaosha3; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `miaosha3`.`user_info0`; CREATE TABLE `miaosha3`.`user_info0` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `phone` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `active` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 7 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_bin; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `miaosha3`.`user_info1`; CREATE TABLE `miaosha3`.`user_info1` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_label` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `phone` varchar(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(128) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL, `active` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_bin;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.nimo</groupId> <artifactId>shardingsphere-demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>shardingsphere-demo</name> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- shardingsphere --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>shardingsphere-jdbc-core-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>5.0.0-alpha</version> </dependency> <!-- 阿里数据源 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <excludes> <exclude> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </exclude> </excludes> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
再次强调下, 本文采用的 shardingsphere 版本是 5.0.0-alpha. 不同版本配置会有差异.
本文在上一篇文章的基础上增加, 并修改了几个配置, 下面的源码中有标记出来
添加了一个数据源配置
添加了一个分库策略
添加了一个分库算法
server:
port: 8777
spring:
shardingsphere:
# 展示修改以后的sql语句
props:
sql-show: true
datasource:
# (这里增加了一个 ds1 的数据源)
names: ds0,ds1
common:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
ds0:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/miaosha2?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2b8
username: root
password: '123456'
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# (新增的配置)
ds1:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/miaosha3?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2b8
username: root
password: '123456'
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
rules:
sharding:
# 分布式序列算法配置
key-generators:
# 此处必须要配置，否则会导致报错
snowflake:
type: SNOWFLAKE
props:
worker-id: 123
# 配置 user_info 表
tables:
user_info:
# 分库策略 (新增的配置)
database-strategy:
standard:
sharding-column: id
sharding-algorithm-name: database-inline
# 配置user_info的分库分表的规则 (增加了数据源的配置)
actual-data-nodes: ds$->{0..1}.user_info$->{0..1}
# 单分片键的标准分片
table-strategy:
standard:
sharding-column: id
sharding-algorithm-name: table-inline
# 主键id生成策略（雪花算法）
key-generate-strategy:
key-generator-name: snowflake
column: id
# 配置分片算法
sharding-algorithms:
# 通过 id 取模的方式确定数据落到哪个库 (新增的配置)
database-inline:
type: INLINE
props:
algorithm-expression: ds$->{id % 2}
# 通过 id 取模的方式确定数据落到哪个表
table-inline:
type: INLINE
props:
algorithm-expression: user_info$->{id % 2}
enabled: true
mybatis:
typeAliasesPackage: com.nimo.shardingdatabasedemo.entity
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml// sql
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.nimo.shardingdemo.entity.UserInfo">
insert into user_info(id, username, password) values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password})
</insert>
// 新增一个用户信息
@PostMapping("userinfo")
public Object addUserInfo(@RequestBody UserInfo userInfo) {
return userInfoMapper.addUser(userInfo);
}curl -X POST --location "http://localhost:8777/userinfo" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d "{
\"username\": \"wangbadan\",
\"password\": \"123456\"
}"感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“ShardingSphere5.0.0-alpha如何实现mysql分库分表”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对ShardingSphere5.0.0-alpha如何实现mysql分库分表这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
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