Linux下配置Compton实现最佳视觉效果指南
首先需根据发行版安装Compton(轻量级窗口合成器,提升视觉效果与性能):
sudo apt-get install comptonsudo pacman -S compton~/.config/compton.conf(若不存在则手动创建)。后端决定渲染性能与兼容性,推荐优先尝试glx(OpenGL加速,适合现代显卡)或wayland(原生Wayland支持),次选xrender(兼容旧系统)。示例:
backend = glx
启用vsync可减少画面撕裂,提升动态场景流畅度,建议设为true。示例:
vsync = true
添加阴影增强窗口层次感,推荐开启。可通过[shadow] section细化阴影参数:
[shadow]
shadow-radius = 5 # 阴影模糊程度(值越大越柔和)
shadow-offset-x = 1 # X轴偏移(正值向右,负值向左)
shadow-offset-y = 1 # Y轴偏移(正值向下,负值向上)
shadow-opacity = 0.3 # 阴影透明度(0.0-1.0,值越小越淡)
示例:shadow = true
实现窗口背景模糊效果,提升视觉深度。需开启bg_blur并在[blur] section设置参数:
bg_blur = true
[blur]
method = gaussian # 模糊算法(gaussian/box,gaussian更自然)
size = 10 # 模糊采样范围(值越大越模糊)
deviation = 5.0 # 模糊强度(值越大越模糊)
示例:bg_blur = true
通过opacity-rule自定义不同窗口的透明度,提升界面层次感。示例规则:
opacity-rule = [
"90:class_g 'Firefox'", # Firefox聚焦时90%透明
"60:class_g 'Firefox' && !focused", # Firefox非聚焦时60%透明
"95:class_g 'Typora'", # Typora窗口95%透明
"0:_NET_WM_STATE@:32a * '_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN'" # 隐藏窗口完全不透明
]
说明:class_g匹配窗口类名(如Firefox、Typora),_NET_WM_STATE@匹配窗口状态(如隐藏)
xrender的性能瓶颈(尤其在高分辨率屏幕下)。shadow-radius、blur-size或blur-deviation的值。opacity < 0.7)会增加合成负担,建议对非活动窗口使用较低透明度(如60)。ignore-glx-glitz true(除非遇到兼容性问题)。修改compton.conf后,需重启Compton使更改生效:
killall compton && compton &(杀死旧进程并启动新进程)。/etc/systemd/system/compton.service,内容如下:[Unit]
Description=Compton Window Composer
After=xorg.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/compton --config /etc/compton.conf
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable compton
sudo systemctl restart compton
结合上述设置,以下是一个兼顾视觉效果与性能的示例配置:
# 后端与同步
backend = glx
vsync = true
# 阴影设置
shadow = true
[shadow]
shadow-radius = 5
shadow-offset-x = 1
shadow-offset-y = 1
shadow-opacity = 0.3
# 背景模糊
bg_blur = true
[blur]
method = gaussian
size = 10
deviation = 5.0
# 窗口透明度
opacity-rule = [
"90:class_g 'Firefox'",
"60:class_g 'Firefox' && !focused",
"95:class_g 'Typora'",
"0:_NET_WM_STATE@:32a * '_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN'"
]
# 忽略根窗口透明度(解决桌面环境兼容性问题)
ignore_root = true
可根据个人喜好调整shadow-radius、blur-size、opacity-rule等参数。