升级 Debian 邮件系统的正确路径
一 目标与范围
二 小版本或补丁升级步骤
sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -yapt full-upgrade 会处理依赖变化,比 apt upgrade 更适用于有组件替换的场景。sudo rebootcat /etc/debian_version 或 lsb_release -asystemctl status postfix dovecot(若使用 Exim 则检查 exim4)sudo systemctl restart postfix dovecotnc -vz your.mx 25)、IMAP 143/993、POP3 110/995。三 大版本升级步骤(示例:Debian 11 Bullseye → 12 Bookworm)
sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /home/youruser/sources.list.baksudo sed -i 's/bullseye/bookworm/g' /etc/apt/sources.listnon-free non-free-firmware 组件,以确保专有驱动/固件可用。sudo apt updatesudo apt full-upgrade -ysudo apt autoremove -ysudo rebootcat /etc/debian_version、uname -a、lsb_release -a四 邮件服务组件升级与配置要点
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecotsmtpd_sasl_path = private/authsmtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yessmtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destinationmessage_size_limit = 10240000(示例 10MB)protocols = pop3 imapmail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%udisable_plaintext_auth = nosudo systemctl restart postfix dovecot,随后进行端口连通性与登录测试。五 常见问题与风险控制