Postman的核心定位与群发邮件实现逻辑
Postman是一款专注于API开发与测试的工具,本身不具备直接发送邮件的功能。若需通过Postman实现群发邮件,需借助其他邮件发送组件(如命令行工具、Python脚本、邮件服务器或第三方邮件API),通过Postman发送HTTP请求触发邮件发送流程。
sudo apt update && sudo apt install snapd && sudo snap install postman;或手动下载.deb包安装。sudo apt update && sudo apt install mailutils。mailx是Debian系统自带的轻量级邮件客户端,支持批量发送邮件。
/etc/mail.rc文件,添加以下内容(替换为你的SMTP信息):set from=your-email@example.com # 发件人邮箱
set smtp=smtp.example.com # SMTP服务器地址(如Gmail为smtp.gmail.com)
set smtp-auth=yes # 启用SMTP认证
set smtp-auth-user=your-username # SMTP用户名(通常为邮箱前缀)
set smtp-auth-password=your-password # SMTP密码(或应用专用密码)
recipients.txt,每行一个地址),然后执行以下命令:while read recipient; do
echo "邮件内容" | mail -s "邮件主题" "$recipient"
done < recipients.txt
此方法适合少量收件人(如几十个),大量发送可能被SMTP服务器限制。Python的smtplib模块支持批量发送,Postman可通过HTTP请求触发脚本执行。
send_emails.py):import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import json
def send_email(to, subject, body):
sender = "your-email@example.com"
password = "your-password"
msg = MIMEText(body)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = to
with smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587) as server:
server.starttls()
server.login(sender, password)
server.sendmail(sender, [to], msg.as_string())
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 从Postman请求体读取收件人列表
data = json.loads(input())
recipients = data.get("recipients", []) # 格式:["email1@example.com", "email2@example.com"]
subject = data.get("subject", "邮件主题")
body = data.get("body", "邮件内容")
for recipient in recipients:
send_email(recipient, subject, body)
http://localhost:5000/send-email(需将脚本部署为Flask/Django等服务,监听对应端口)Content-Type: application/json{
"recipients": ["recipient1@example.com", "recipient2@example.com"],
"subject": "群发测试邮件",
"body": "这是通过Postman触发的群发邮件内容"
}
第三方服务(如SendGrid、Mailgun)提供高性能邮件API,支持大规模群发且送达率高。
https://api.sendgrid.com/v3/mail/sendAuthorization: Bearer YOUR_SENDGRID_API_KEYContent-Type: application/json{
"personalizations": [
{
"to": [{"email": "recipient1@example.com"}, {"email": "recipient2@example.com"}],
"subject": "群发测试邮件"
}
],
"from": {"email": "your-email@example.com"},
"content": [{"type": "text/plain", "value": "这是通过SendGrid API发送的群发邮件内容"}]
}