Ubuntu FileZilla如何安装与配置

Installing FileZilla on Ubuntu
FileZilla can be installed on Ubuntu using three methods: the package manager (recommended for stability), Flatpak (for isolation), or a manual download (for latest versions).

• Package Manager (Recommended):
  Open a terminal and run the following commands to update your package list and install FileZilla:

  sudo apt update
  sudo apt install filezilla
  

  To add Chinese language support, install the localization package:

  sudo apt install filezilla-locales
  

• Flatpak (Isolated Installation):
  If Flatpak is not installed, add it first:

  sudo apt install flatpak
  

  Add the Flathub repository (a trusted source for Flatpak apps) and install FileZilla:

  flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
  flatpak install flathub org.filezilla.FileZilla
  

  Run FileZilla using:

  flatpak run org.filezilla.FileZilla
  

• Manual Download (Latest Version):
  Visit the FileZilla website, download the .deb package for Ubuntu, and install it via the terminal:

  wget https://download.filezilla-project.org/client/FileZilla_x.x.x_x86_64-linux-gnu.deb  # Replace with latest version
  sudo dpkg -i FileZilla_x.x.x_x86_64-linux-gnu.deb
  

  If dependencies are missing, fix them with:

  sudo apt --fix-broken install
  

Configuring FileZilla for FTP/SFTP Connections
After installation, configure FileZilla to connect to your FTP/SFTP server via the Site Manager (the central tool for managing connections).

1. Open Site Manager:
   Launch FileZilla and click File > Site Manager (or press Ctrl+S). This opens a window to create and manage server profiles.

2. Create a New Site:
   Click the New Site button and give your connection a recognizable name (e.g., “My Web Server”).

3. Enter Server Details:

   • Host: Input the server’s IP address or domain name (e.g., 192.168.1.100 or example.com).
   • Port: Use 21 for FTP or 22 for SFTP (default for secure connections).
   • Protocol: Select SFTP - SSH File Transfer Protocol (recommended for security) or FTP - File Transfer Protocol (if your server doesn’t support SFTP).
   • Login Type: Choose Normal (for username/password authentication) or Anonymous (for public servers).
   • User: Enter your server username (e.g., ftpuser or your Linux username).
   • Password: Enter your server password (leave blank for anonymous login).

4. Connect to the Server:
   Click Connect. If this is your first time connecting, FileZilla will prompt you to accept the server’s SSL certificate (for SFTP/FTPS) or save the login credentials.

5. Optional: Configure Advanced Settings:
   After a successful connection, you can adjust transfer settings (e.g., Transfer Mode set to “Auto” for automatic selection of binary/text mode, Transfer Queue size for managing multiple files) or save the configuration for future use by right-clicking the site and selecting Settings.

Basic File Operations in FileZilla
Once connected, you can manage files between your local machine and the server using the intuitive interface:

• Upload Files: Drag and drop files from the Local Site panel (left) to the Remote Site panel (right), or right-click a local file and select Upload.
• Download Files: Drag files from the Remote Site panel to the Local Site panel, or right-click a remote file and select Download.
• Delete Files: Right-click a file in either panel and select Delete (confirm the action when prompted).
• Sync Folders: Use the Synchronize feature (Commands > Synchronize Directories) to compare and sync local/remote folders automatically.
• Remote Editing: Double-click a remote file to open it in your default editor (e.g., VS Code, Nano) and edit it directly on the server.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Connection Refused: Ensure the server’s SSH service (for SFTP) or FTP service (for FTP) is running. For SFTP, verify that the SSH port (22) is open on the server.
• Permission Denied: Check that your server user has the correct permissions to access the target directory (use chmod to adjust permissions if needed).
• Slow Transfers: Use passive mode (enable in Site Manager > Transfer Settings) if you’re behind a firewall/router, as it allows the server to initiate data connections.
• GUI Issues: If the interface looks distorted, try resetting FileZilla’s configuration by deleting the ~/.filezilla folder (back up your settings first).