温馨提示×

如何在Linux上用PHP进行邮件发送

小樊
50
2025-10-22 16:03:37
栏目: 编程语言

在Linux上使用PHP进行邮件发送,通常会用到mail()函数或者第三方库如PHPMailer。以下是使用这两种方法的步骤:

使用mail()函数

  1. 配置PHP邮件功能

    • 确保你的PHP安装包含了sendmailpostfix等邮件传输代理(MTA)。
    • 编辑php.ini文件,检查并确保以下设置正确:
      [mail function]
      ; For Win32 only.
      SMTP = localhost
      smtp_port = 25
      
      ; For Unix only. You may supply arguments to sendmail() or configure the
      ; mail transfer agent for this to work correctly.
      sendmail_from = your_email@example.com
      
  2. 编写PHP脚本: 创建一个PHP文件,例如sendmail.php,并添加以下代码:

    <?php
    $to = 'recipient@example.com';
    $subject = 'Test Email';
    $message = "Hello, this is a test email sent from PHP.";
    $headers = "From: sender@example.com\r\n";
    $headers .= "Reply-To: sender@example.com\r\n";
    $headers .= "X-Mailer: PHP/".phpversion();
    
    if(mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers)) {
        echo "Email sent successfully.";
    } else {
        echo "Email sending failed.";
    }
    ?>
    
  3. 运行脚本: 在终端中运行以下命令来执行脚本:

    php sendmail.php
    

使用PHPMailer

PHPMailer是一个功能强大的邮件发送库,支持多种邮件协议和附件。

  1. 安装PHPMailer: 你可以使用Composer来安装PHPMailer:

    composer require phpmailer/phpmailer
    
  2. 编写PHP脚本: 创建一个PHP文件,例如sendmail_with_phpmailer.php,并添加以下代码:

    <?php
    use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer;
    use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\Exception;
    
    require 'vendor/autoload.php';
    
    $mail = new PHPMailer(true);
    
    try {
        //Server settings
        $mail->SMTPDebug = 2;                                      // Enable verbose debug output
        $mail->isSMTP();                                           // Send using SMTP
        $mail->Host       = 'smtp.example.com';                     // Set the SMTP server to send through
        $mail->SMTPAuth   = true;                                   // Enable SMTP authentication
        $mail->AuthType   = 'XOAUTH2';                              // OAuth2
        $mail->Port       = 587;                                    // TCP port to connect to; use 465 for `SMTPS`
        $mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';                                  // Enable TLS encryption; `SMTPS` also accepted
    
        //Recipients
        $mail->setFrom('sender@example.com', 'Mailer');
        $mail->addAddress('recipient@example.com', 'Recipient Name');     // Add a recipient
    
        // Content
        $mail->isHTML(true);                                        // Set email format to HTML
        $mail->Subject = 'Here is the subject';
        $mail->Body    = 'This is the HTML message body <b>in bold!</b>';
        $mail->AltBody = 'This is the body in plain text for non-HTML mail clients';
    
        $mail->send();
        echo 'Message has been sent';
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo "Message could not be sent. Mailer Error: {$mail->ErrorInfo}";
    }
    ?>
    
  3. 运行脚本: 在终端中运行以下命令来执行脚本:

    php sendmail_with_phpmailer.php
    

请注意,使用mail()函数和PHPMailer时,你需要确保你的邮件服务器配置正确,并且能够成功发送邮件。如果遇到问题,检查邮件服务器的日志文件以获取更多信息。

0