Debian挂载远程存储解决方案

Here are the most common solutions for mounting remote storage on Debian:

1. NFS (Network File System)

   • Install NFS Client: Run sudo apt update && sudo apt install nfs-common to install the required tools.
   • Create Mount Point: Use sudo mkdir -p /mnt/nfs to create a directory for mounting.
   • Mount Remote Share: Execute sudo mount -t nfs <server_ip>:/remote/share /mnt/nfs (replace with your server’s IP and share path).
   • Auto-Mount at Boot: Add /mnt/nfs nfs defaults 0 0 to /etc/fstab for persistent mounting.

2. Samba (SMB/CIFS)

   • Install Samba Client: Install cifs-utils with sudo apt update && sudo apt install cifs-utils.
   • Create Mount Point: Run sudo mkdir -p /mnt/samba.
   • Mount Remote Share: Use sudo mount -t cifs //<server_ip>/share /mnt/samba -o username=<user>,password=<pass> (add iocharset=utf8 for non-ASCII characters).
   • Auto-Mount at Boot: Add //<server_ip>/share /mnt/samba cifs username=<user>,password=<pass>,iocharset=utf8 0 0 to /etc/fstab.

3. SSHFS (Secure Shell Filesystem)

   • Install SSHFS: Run sudo apt update && sudo apt install sshfs.
   • Create Mount Point: Use sudo mkdir -p /mnt/sshfs.
   • Mount Remote Share: Execute sudo sshfs <user>@<server_ip>:/remote/dir /mnt/sshfs (use -o identityfile=~/.ssh/id_rsa for key-based auth).
   • Auto-Mount at Boot: Add <user>@<server_ip>:/remote/dir /mnt/sshfs fuse.sshfs _netdev,user,idmap=user,identityfile=~/.ssh/id_rsa,allow_other,default_permissions 0 0 to /etc/fstab.

4. FTP (via curlftpfs)

   • Install curlftpfs: Run sudo apt update && sudo apt install curlftpfs.
   • Create Mount Point: Use mkdir ~/ftp_mount.
   • Mount FTP Server: Execute curlftpfs ftp://<user>:<pass>@<server_ip> ~/ftp_mount (store credentials in ~/.netrc for automation).
   • Auto-Mount at Boot: Add <server_ip> ~/ftp_mount fuse._curlftpfs _netdev,user,allow_other,default_permissions 0 0 to /etc/fstab.

Key Notes:

• Replace placeholders (e.g., <server_ip>, <user>, <pass>) with your actual server details.
• For security, avoid hardcoding passwords in /etc/fstab; use credential files (e.g., ~/.netrc) with chmod 600 permissions.
• Ensure remote servers allow incoming connections on the respective ports (NFS: 2049, Samba: 137-139/445, SSH: 22, FTP: 21).
• Test mounts with sudo mount -a before rebooting to verify /etc/fstab syntax.