在 Ubuntu 上使用 LAMP(Linux + Apache + MySQL/MariaDB + PHP)搭建网站,一般步骤如下:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install apache2 -y
验证:
systemctl status apache2
浏览器访问:http://服务器IP,看到 Apache 默认页即成功。
sudo apt install mysql-server -y
安全初始化:
sudo mysql_secure_installation
sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql -y
测试 PHP:
echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" | sudo tee /var/www/html/info.php
访问:http://IP/info.php
例如创建一个站点 example.com:
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/public_html
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/example.com
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www
放入测试页面:
echo "<h1>Hello example.com</h1>" | sudo tee /var/www/example.com/public_html/index.html
新建配置文件:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.com.conf
内容示例:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin admin@example.com
ServerName example.com
ServerAlias www.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/public_html
<Directory /var/www/example.com/public_html>
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
启用站点:
sudo a2ensite example.com.conf
sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
如果是测试服务器,可修改本地 hosts:
服务器IP example.com
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE example_db;
CREATE USER 'example_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON example_db.* TO 'example_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y
sudo certbot --apache -d example.com -d www.example.com
如果你需要:
可以告诉我,我给你更具体的方案。