在Linux中,readdir函数通常用于遍历目录中的文件和子目录。要使用readdir实现文件备份与恢复,你需要结合其他系统调用和库函数来完成整个过程。以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用readdir进行文件备份:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void backup_file(const char *src, const char *dst) {
int src_fd = open(src, O_RDONLY);
if (src_fd == -1) {
perror("open source file");
return;
}
int dst_fd = open(dst, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644);
if (dst_fd == -1) {
perror("open destination file");
close(src_fd);
return;
}
char buffer[4096];
ssize_t bytes_read, bytes_written;
while ((bytes_read = read(src_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) > 0) {
bytes_written = write(dst_fd, buffer, bytes_read);
if (bytes_written != bytes_read) {
perror("write to destination file");
break;
}
}
if (bytes_read == -1) {
perror("read from source file");
}
close(src_fd);
close(dst_fd);
}
void backup_directory(const char *src_dir, const char *dst_dir) {
struct dirent *entry;
DIR *dp = opendir(src_dir);
if (!dp) {
perror("opendir");
return;
}
// Create destination directory if it doesn't exist
mkdir(dst_dir, 0755);
while ((entry = readdir(dp))) {
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
char src_path[1024], dst_path[1024];
snprintf(src_path, sizeof(src_path), "%s/%s", src_dir, entry->d_name);
snprintf(dst_path, sizeof(dst_path), "%s/%s", dst_dir, entry->d_name);
struct stat st;
if (stat(src_path, &st) == -1) {
perror("stat");
continue;
}
if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
backup_directory(src_path, dst_path);
} else {
backup_file(src_path, dst_path);
}
}
closedir(dp);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <source_directory> <destination_directory>
", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
backup_directory(argv[1], argv[2]);
return 0;
}
文件恢复的过程与备份类似,但方向相反。你需要遍历备份目录中的文件和子目录,并将它们复制回原始位置。
void restore_directory(const char *src_dir, const char *dst_dir) {
// ... (similar to backup_directory, but copy files from src_dir to dst_dir)
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <source_directory> <destination_directory>
", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
restore_directory(argv[1], argv[2]);
return 0;
}
通过这种方式,你可以使用readdir函数结合其他系统调用来实现文件的备份与恢复。