SpringBoot Security实现前后端分离登录验证

发布时间：2020-11-03 18:36:16 来源：亿速云阅读：587 作者：Leah 栏目：开发技术

本篇文章为大家展示了SpringBoot Security实现前后端分离登录验证，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。

第一步，在pom.xml中引入Security配置文件

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>  
</dependency>

第二步，增加Configuration配置文件

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.DisabledException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

/**
 * 参考网址：
 * https://blog.csdn.net/XlxfyzsFdblj/article/details/82083443
 * https://blog.csdn.net/lizc_lizc/article/details/84059004
 * https://blog.csdn.net/XlxfyzsFdblj/article/details/82084183
 * https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36451151/article/details/83868891
 * 查找了很多文件，有用的还有有的，感谢他们的辛勤付出
 * Security配置文件，项目启动时就加载了
 * @author 程就人生
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {  
 
 @Autowired
 private MyPasswordEncoder myPasswordEncoder;
 
 @Autowired
 private UserDetailsService myCustomUserService;
 
 @Autowired
 private ObjectMapper objectMapper;

 @Override
 protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
 
  http
  .authenticationProvider(authenticationProvider())
  .httpBasic()
  //未登录时，进行json格式的提示，很喜欢这种写法，不用单独写一个又一个的类
   .authenticationEntryPoint((request,response,authException) -> {
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("code",403);
    map.put("message","未登录");
    out.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    out.flush();
    out.close();
   })
   
   .and()
   .authorizeRequests()
   .anyRequest().authenticated() //必须授权才能范围
   
   .and()
   .formLogin() //使用自带的登录
   .permitAll()
   //登录失败，返回json
   .failureHandler((request,response,ex) -> {
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("code",401);
    if (ex instanceof UsernameNotFoundException || ex instanceof BadCredentialsException) {
     map.put("message","用户名或密码错误");
    } else if (ex instanceof DisabledException) {
     map.put("message","账户被禁用");
    } else {
     map.put("message","登录失败!");
    }
    out.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    out.flush();
    out.close();
   })
   //登录成功，返回json
   .successHandler((request,response,authentication) -> {
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("code",200);
    map.put("message","登录成功");
    map.put("data",authentication);
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    out.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    out.flush();
    out.close();
   })
   .and()
   .exceptionHandling()
   //没有权限，返回json
   .accessDeniedHandler((request,response,ex) -> {
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("code",403);
    map.put("message", "权限不足");
    out.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    out.flush();
    out.close();
   })
   .and()
   .logout()
   //退出成功，返回json
   .logoutSuccessHandler((request,response,authentication) -> {
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    map.put("code",200);
    map.put("message","退出成功");
    map.put("data",authentication);
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    out.write(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    out.flush();
    out.close();
   })
   .permitAll();
   //开启跨域访问
   http.cors().disable();
   //开启模拟请求，比如API POST测试工具的测试，不开启时，API POST为报403错误
   http.csrf().disable();
 }
 
 @Override
 public void configure(WebSecurity web) {
  //对于在header里面增加token等类似情况，放行所有OPTIONS请求。
  web.ignoring().antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**");
 }

 @Bean
 public AuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider() {
  DaoAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
  //对默认的UserDetailsService进行覆盖
  authenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(myCustomUserService);
  authenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(myPasswordEncoder);
  return authenticationProvider;
 }
 
}

第三步，实现UserDetailsService接口

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * 登录专用类
 * 自定义类，实现了UserDetailsService接口，用户登录时调用的第一类
 * @author 程就人生
 *
 */
@Component
public class MyCustomUserService implements UserDetailsService {

 /**
  * 登陆验证时，通过username获取用户的所有权限信息
  * 并返回UserDetails放到spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder中，以供授权器使用
  */
 @Override
 public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
  //在这里可以自己调用数据库，对username进行查询，看看在数据库中是否存在
  MyUserDetails myUserDetail = new MyUserDetails();
  myUserDetail.setUsername(username);
  myUserDetail.setPassword("123456");
  return myUserDetail;
 }
}

说明：这个类，主要是用来接收登录传递过来的用户名，然后可以在这里扩展，查询该用户名在数据库中是否存在，不存在时，可以抛出异常。本测试为了演示，把数据写死了。

第四步，实现PasswordEncoder接口

import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * 自定义的密码加密方法，实现了PasswordEncoder接口
 * @author 程就人生
 *
 */
@Component
public class MyPasswordEncoder implements PasswordEncoder {

 @Override
 public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) {
  //加密方法可以根据自己的需要修改
  return charSequence.toString();
 }

 @Override
 public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) {
  return encode(charSequence).equals(s);
 }
}

说明：这个类主要是对密码加密的处理，以及用户传递过来的密码和数据库密码（UserDetailsService中的密码）进行比对。

第五步，实现UserDetails接口

import java.util.Collection;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 实现了UserDetails接口，只留必需的属性，也可添加自己需要的属性
 * @author 程就人生
 *
 */
@Component
public class MyUserDetails implements UserDetails {

 /**
  * 
  */
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

 //登录用户名
 private String username;
 //登录密码
 private String password;

 private Collection<&#63; extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;

 public void setUsername(String username) {
  this.username = username;
 }

 public void setPassword(String password) {
  this.password = password;
 }

 public void setAuthorities(Collection<&#63; extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
  this.authorities = authorities;
 }

 @Override
 public Collection<&#63; extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
  return this.authorities;
 }

 @Override
 public String getPassword() {
  return this.password;
 }

 @Override
 public String getUsername() {
  return this.username;
 }

 @Override
 public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
  return true;
 }

 @Override
 public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
  return true;
 }

 @Override
 public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
  return true;
 }

 @Override
 public boolean isEnabled() {
  return true;
 }
}

说明：这个类是用来存储登录成功后的用户数据，登录成功后，可以使用下列代码获取：

MyUserDetails myUserDetails= (MyUserDetails) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() .getPrincipal();

代码写完了，接下来需要测试一下，经过测试才能证明代码的有效性，先用浏览器吧。

第一步测试，未登录前访问index，页面直接重定向到默认的login页面了，测试接口OK。