mongodb 安装配置实践

1. 首先从官网下载mongodb的安装包http://www.mongodb.org/downloads我的系统是redhat5.8所有选择相应的版本包就ok现在最新版是3.0.3

2. 解压mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3.tgz

[root@mongodb ~]# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3.tgz -C /opt/
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/README
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/GNU-AGPL-3.0
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongodump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongoexport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongostat
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongotop
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/bsondump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongooplog
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongoperf
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongos
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/bin/mongo
[root@mongodb opt]# ln -sv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/ mongodb
create symbolic link `mongodb' to `mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel55-3.0.3/'

3.创建mongodb用户

[root@mongodb /]# useradd mongodb

4.创建相应文件目录并修改权限

[root@mongodb /]# mkdir /data/db -p
[root@mongodb /]# chown mongodb:mongodb /data/ -R
[root@mongodb opt]# chown -R mongodb:mongodb /opt/*

5.添加PATH环境变量在shell下正常访问mongodb的应用工具

[root@mongodb bin]# vim /etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh
export    PATH=$PATH:/opt/mongodb/bin
[root@mongodb bin]# source /etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh 
[root@mongodb bin]# echo $PATH 
/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/opt/mongodb/bin

6.创建mongodb的PID存放目录

[root@mongodb run]# mkdir /var/run/mongodb
[root@mongodb run]# chown mongodb:mongodb /var/run/mongodb/ -R
[root@mongodb opt]# mongod --dbpath /data/db/ --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --logappend --port 27017 --pidfilepath /var/run/mongodb/mongodb.pid --maxConns 250 --rest --httpinterface --fork
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 4060
child process started successfully, parent exiting
--maxConns 250 ：表示最大连接数是250个
--rest --httpinterface : web接口，指定这项28017端口才能启用
--fork ：后台运行

7.安装过程中遇见的问题

装好之后连接出现以下警告

(1).[root@mongodb ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.3
connecting to: test
Server has startup warnings: 
2015-06-15T20:27:49.892+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-06-15T20:27:49.892+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten]

出现这个问题就查看关于mongodb的文件权限，主要是/opt /data/db/ /var/run/mongodb/ /var/log/mongodb.log的权限因为启动初始化时以root用户的权限在运行，所以这些目录下的权限可能会变成root root

(2).[mongodb@mongodb db]$  mongod --dbpath /data/db/ --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --logappend --port 27017 --pidfilepath /var/run/mongodb/mongodb.pid --maxConns 250 --rest --httpinterface --fork


2015-06-15T17:41:25.721+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 

'always'.
2015-06-15T17:41:25.721+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-06-15T17:41:25.721+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-06-15T17:41:25.721+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 

'always'.
2015-06-15T17:41:25.721+0800 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'

修改两个参数即可

echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 
echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

 8.安装成功并登录

 [root@mongodb ~]# ss -tanlp | grep mongod
0      0                              *:27017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4095,6))
0      0                              *:28017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4095,8))
 [root@mongodb ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.3
connecting to: test
> help
    db.help()                    help on db methods
    db.mycoll.help()             help on collection methods
    sh.help()                    sharding helpers
    rs.help()                    replica set helpers
    help admin                   administrative help
    help connect                 connecting to a db help
    help keys                    key shortcuts
    help misc                    misc things to know
    help mr                      mapreduce

    show dbs                     show database names
    show collections             show collections in current database
    show users                   show users in current database
    show profile                 show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms
    show logs                    show the accessible logger names
    show log [name]              prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default
    use <db_name>                set current database
    db.foo.find()                list objects in collection foo
    db.foo.find( { a : 1 } )     list objects in foo where a == 1
    it                           result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate
    DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x   set default number of items to display on shell
    exit                         quit the mongo shell

登录web接口 28017端口

9.关闭服务器

(1).[root@mongodb ~]# mongod --shutdown 
killing process with pid: 3936
(2).[root@mongodb ~]# killall mongod

10.给mongodb编写配置文件/etc/mongodb.conf

[root@mongodb ~]# grep -v ^# /etc/mongodb.conf 
logpath=/var/log/mongodb.log
logappend=true
fork = true
dbpath=/data/db
pidfilepath = /var/run/mongodb/mongodb.pid
rest = true
httpinterface = true

启动

[root@mongodb ~]# mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf 
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 4169
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@mongodb ~]# ss -tanlp | grep mongod
0      0                              *:27017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4169,6))
0      0                              *:28017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4169,8))

11.用service mongodb * 来启动mongodb
启动脚本：/etc/rc.d/init.d/mongod

#!/bin/bash

# mongod - Startup script for mongod

# chkconfig: 35 85 15
# description: Mongo is a scalable, document-oriented database.
# processname: mongod
# config: /etc/mongod.conf
# pidfile: /var/run/mongo/mongod.pid

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# things from mongod.conf get there by mongod reading it

CONFIGFILE="/etc/mongodb.conf"
OPTIONS=" -f $CONFIGFILE"
SYSCONFIG="/etc/sysconfig/mongod"

DBPATH=`awk -F= '/^dbpath=/{print $2}' "$CONFIGFILE"`
PIDFILE=`awk -F= '/^dbpath\s=\s/{print $2}' "$CONFIGFILE"`
mongod=${MONGOD-/opt/mongodb/bin/mongod}

MONGO_USER=mongodb
MONGO_GROUP=mongodb

if [ -f "$SYSCONFIG" ]; then
    . "$SYSCONFIG"
fi

# Handle NUMA access to CPUs (SERVER-3574)
# This verifies the existence of numactl as well as testing that the command works
NUMACTL_ARGS="--interleave=all"
if which numactl >/dev/null 2>/dev/null && numactl $NUMACTL_ARGS ls / >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
then
    NUMACTL="numactl $NUMACTL_ARGS"
else
    NUMACTL=""
fi

start()
{
  echo -n $"Starting mongod: "
  daemon --user "$MONGO_USER" $NUMACTL $mongod $OPTIONS
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
  [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/mongod
}

stop()
{
  echo -n $"Stopping mongod: "
  killproc -p "$PIDFILE" -d 300 /opt/mongodb/bin/mongod
  RETVAL=$?
  echo
  [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mongod
}

restart () {
    stop
    start
}

ulimit -n 12000
RETVAL=0

case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  restart|reload|force-reload)
    restart
    ;;
  condrestart)
    [ -f /var/lock/subsys/mongod ] && restart || :
    ;;
  status)
    status $mongod
    RETVAL=$?
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart}"
    RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

测试启动

[root@mongodb ~]# service mongod start
Starting mongod: about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 4426
child process started successfully, parent exiting
                                                           [  OK  ]
[root@mongodb init.d]# ss -tanlp | grep mongod
0      0                              *:27017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4426,6))
0      0                              *:28017                         *:*      users:(("mongod",4426,8))                                                    
[root@mongodb ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.3
connecting to: test
> 
[root@mongodb ~]# service mongod start
Starting mongod: about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 4426
child process started successfully, parent exiting
                                                           [  OK  ]

[root@mongodb ~]# service mongod stop
Stopping mongod:                                           [  OK  ]