NBU备份oracle全备脚本注释

root@gzwgnbu1 # more hot_database_backup.sh

#!/bin/sh

# $Header: hot_database_backup.sh,v 1.3 2010/08/04 17:56:02 $

#

#bcpyrght

#*********************************************************************

#* $VRTScprght: Copyright 2014 Symantec Corporation, All Rights Reserved $ *

#*********************************************************************

#ecpyrght

#

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                       hot_database_backup.sh

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#  This script uses Recovery Manager to take a hot (inconsistent) database

#  backup. A hot backup is inconsistent because portions of the database are

#  being modified and written to the disk while the backup is progressing.

#  You must run your database in ARCHIVELOG mode to make hot backups. It is

#  assumed that this script will be executed by user root. In order for RMAN

#  to work properly we switch user (su -) to the oracle dba account before

#  execution. If this script runs under a user account that has Oracle dba

#  privilege, it will be executed using this user's account.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Determine the user which is executing this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSER=`id |cut -d"(" -f2 | cut -d ")" -f1`

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Put output in <this file name>.out. Change as desired.

# Note: output directory requires write permission.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN_LOG_FILE=${0}.out

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# You may want to delete the output file so that backup information does

# not accumulate.  If not, delete the following lines.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE" ]

then

        rm -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE"

fi

# -----------------------------------------------------------------

# Initialize the log file.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

chmod 666 $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the start of this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo ==== started on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace /db/oracle/product/ora102, below, with the Oracle home path.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/ora102 #oracle目录

export ORACLE_HOME

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace ora102, below, with the Oracle SID of the target database.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_SID=ora102 #备份的数据库

export ORACLE_SID

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace ora102, below, with the Oracle DBA user id (account).

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_USER=ora102 备份使用的系统用户

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set the target connect string.

# Replace "sys/manager", below, with the target connect string.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/manager ### sys/manager 改为 / ###

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set the Oracle Recovery Manager name.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman #NBU中rman命令的位置

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Print out the value of the variables set by this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "RMAN: $RMAN" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "ORACLE_SID: $ORACLE_SID" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "ORACLE_USER: $ORACLE_USER" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "ORACLE_HOME: $ORACLE_HOME" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Print out the value of the variables set by bphdb.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo  >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "NB_ORA_FULL: $NB_ORA_FULL" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "NB_ORA_INCR: $NB_ORA_INCR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "NB_ORA_CINC: $NB_ORA_CINC" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "NB_ORA_SERV: $NB_ORA_SERV" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo   "NB_ORA_POLICY: $NB_ORA_POLICY" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# NOTE: This script assumes that the database is properly opened. If desired,

# this would be the place to verify that.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# If this script is executed from a NetBackup schedule, NetBackup

# sets an NB_ORA environment variable based on the schedule type.

# The NB_ORA variable is then used to dynamically set BACKUP_TYPE

# For example, when:

#     schedule type is                BACKUP_TYPE is

#     ----------------                --------------

# Automatic Full                     INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0

# Automatic Differential Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1

# Automatic Cumulative Incremental   INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE

# 

# For user initiated backups, BACKUP_TYPE defaults to incremental

# level 0 (full).  To change the default for a user initiated

# backup to incremental or incremental cumulative, uncomment

# one of the following two lines.

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

# 

# Note that we use incremental level 0 to specify full backups.

# That is because, although they are identical in content, only

# the incremental level 0 backup can have incremental backups of

# level > 0 applied to it.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$NB_ORA_FULL" = "1" ]

then

        echo "Full backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

        BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_INCR" = "1" ]

then

        echo "Differential incremental backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

        BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_CINC" = "1" ]

then

        echo "Cumulative incremental backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

        BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

elif [ "$BACKUP_TYPE" = "" ]

then

        echo "Default - Full backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

        BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

fi

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Call Recovery Manager to initiate the backup. This example does not use a

# Recovery Catalog. If you choose to use one, replace the option 'nocatalog'

# from the rman command line below with the 

# 'catalog <userid>/<passwd>@<net service name>' statement.

#

# Note: Any environment variables needed at run time by RMAN 

#       must be set and exported within the switch user (su) command.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#  Backs up the whole database.  This backup is part of the incremental

#  strategy (this means it can have incremental backups of levels > 0

#  applied to it).

#

#  We do not need to explicitly request the control file to be included

#  in this backup, as it is automatically included each time file 1 of

#  the system tablespace is backed up (the inference: as it is a whole

#  database backup, file 1 of the system tablespace will be backed up,

#  hence the controlfile will also be included automatically).

#

#  Typically, a level 0 backup would be done at least once a week.

#

#  The scenario assumes:

#     o you are backing your database up to two tape drives

#     o you want each backup set to include a maximum of 5 files

#     o you wish to include offline datafiles, and read-only tablespaces,

#       in the backup

#     o you want the backup to continue if any files are inaccessible.

#     o you are not using a Recovery Catalog

#     o you are explicitly backing up the control file.  Since you are

#       specifying nocatalog, the controlfile backup that occurs

#       automatically as the result of backing up the system file is

#       not sufficient; it will not contain records for the backup that

#       is currently in progress.

#     o you want to archive the current log, back up all the

#       archive logs using two channels, putting a maximum of 20 logs

#       in a backup set, and deleting them once the backup is complete.

#

#  Note that the format string is constructed to guarantee uniqueness and

#  to enhance NetBackup for Oracle backup and restore performance.

#

#

#  NOTE WHEN USING NET SERVICE NAME: When connecting to a database

#  using a net service name, you must use a send command or a parms operand to 

#  specify environment variables.  In other words, when accessing a database

#  through a listener, the environment variables set at the system level are not 

#  visible when RMAN is running.  For more information on the environment

#  variables, please refer to the NetBackup for Oracle Admin. Guide.

#

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CMD_STR="

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME

export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SID

export ORACLE_SID

$RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR nocatalog msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append << EOF

RUN {         //以下为database备份

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #为磁带备份分配通道

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

BACKUP

    $BACKUP_TYPE

    SKIP INACCESSIBLE #跳过不可存取文件

    TAG hot_db_bk_level0 #设置备份标记，仅仅是一个标识名称，在以后恢复中可以根据名称来恢复

    FILESPERSET 5 #最多包含五个文件

    # recommended format

    FORMAT 'bk_%s_%p_%t' #定义备份的名称

    DATABASE; #标识定义的是整个数据库

    sql 'alter system archive log current';

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; #释放通道

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

# backup all archive logs        //以下为archive log备份

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #分配通道

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

#ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' connect='sys/sysadmin@gtwdb01 SEND 'NB_ORA_POLICY=yun-gtwdb-1-oralog';

#ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' connect='sys/sysadmin@gtwdb02 SEND 'NB_ORA_POLICY=yun-gtwdb-2-oralog'; //针对RAC的archive log备份

//(archivelog在非共享存储上)

BACKUP

   filesperset 20 #最多包含20个文件

   FORMAT 'al_%s_%p_%t' #备份名称格式

   ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT; #备份的是archive log，备份之后删除所有归档日志

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; #释放通道

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

#

# Note: During the process of backing up the database, RMAN also backs up the

# control file.  This version of the control file does not contain the

# information about the current backup because "nocatalog" has been specified.

# To include the information about the current backup, the control file should

# be backed up as the last step of the RMAN section.  This step would not be

# necessary if we were using a recovery catalog or auto control file backups.

#

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #分配通道

BACKUP

    # recommended format

    FORMAT 'cntrl_%s_%p_%t' #备份名称格式

    CURRENT CONTROLFILE; #备份控制文件

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; 释放通道

}

EOF

"

# Initiate the command string

if [ "$CUSER" = "root" ]

then

    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

    RSTAT=$?

else

    /usr/bin/sh -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

    RSTAT=$?

fi

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the completion of this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$RSTAT" = "0" ]

then

    LOGMSG="ended successfully"

else

    LOGMSG="ended in error"

fi

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo ==== $LOGMSG on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE