//在主库创建所需的文件夹
mkdir /u01/app/oracle/arch
//修改名称
sqlplus / assysdba
show parametername
alter system set db_unique_name=orclscope=spfile;
！！！！如果默认是上图内容，则可不必执行下面2段sql语句！！！！
alter system set service_names=orclscope=spfile;
alter system set instance_name=orclscope=spfile;
shutdownimmediate;
startup mount
//设置归档日志目录
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch';
//验证日志目录
archive log list
//开启归档模式
Alter databasearchivelog;
//开启强制记录日志模式
alter databaseforce logging;
验证
selectFORCE_LOGGING from v$database;
alter database add standby logfile group 11 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std11.log'size 60M;
alter database add standby logfile group 12 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std12.log'size 60M;
alter database add standby logfile group 13 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std13.log'size 60M;
alter database add standby logfile group 14 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std14.log'size 60M;
//验证，加上系统默认的三条共7条
Select member,type from v$logfile;
//开启闪回数据库（作用：当发生故障转移时，这个功能非常有用，它能让你将老的主库闪回到故障前，然后将其转换为备库。如果没有启用闪回功能，你就必须重建备库，意味着要再复制一次数据文件。除了这个好处，闪回还能在某些情况下让你避免从备份恢复数据）
//查看闪回数据库状态
show parameter db_recovery_file_dest
//更改路径和大小
可以修改位置：sql>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='新路径';
更改大小：sql>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=400G;
//查看是否启用，默认是不开启的
select flashback_on from v$database;
alter database flashback on;
//验证
select flashback_on from v$database;
// Data Guard 配置里的另外一个库的名字
alter system setlog_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orclstd)';
//配置归档日志位置（很重要）
alter system setlog_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl';
//配置重做日志到备份库（很重要）
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orclstdASYNC LGWR VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd';
//设置日志格式
alter system setlog_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc' scope=spfile;
//设置FAL_SERVER（作用：这个参数指定当日志传输出现问题时，备库到哪里去找缺少的归档日志）
alter system set fal_server=orclstd;
alter system set fal_client=orcl;
//配置数据文件和日志文件目录
show parameter convert
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'scope=spfile;
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate
startup mount
//验证
show parameter convert
//查看主库是否自动管理文件（作用：主库添加或删除数据文件时，备库也跟着添加删除数据文件）
show parameter standby
alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
//验证
show parameter standby
alter system set fal_client=orcl;
alter system set fal_server=orclstd;
//验证
show parameter fal;
//由于默认的密码不知道，所以可以删除或备份一份密码文件
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
mv orapworcl orapworcl.bak
创建密码文件
orapwd file=orapworcl password=jinhetech force=y
cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
在监听文件里添加：
vim listener.ora
===========================================================
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = compute02)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
===========================================================
重启监听，重启数据库.
验证：
lsnrctl status
//配置远程监听，添加一下内容
vim tnsnames.ora
===========================================================
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = compute02)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER =DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCLSTD =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = controller)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orclstd)
)
)
===========================================================
验证
tnsping compute02
//生成修改主库的pfile用于备库
create pfile='/tmp/init.ora' from spfile;
//生成自己的pfile配置文件
create pfile from spfile;
//分别修改主备库配置
//修改下面两个文件配置，手动添加红色字段
vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora
vim /tmp/init.ora
===========================================================
orcl.__db_cache_size=7784628224
orcl.__java_pool_size=268435456
orcl.__large_pool_size=268435456
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE setfrom environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=11005853696
orcl.__sga_target=16106127360
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=7516192768
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.db_unique_name='ORCL'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.fal_client='ORCL'
*.fal_server='ORCLSTD'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orclstd)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orclstd ASYNC LGWRVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd'
*.log_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
*.memory_target=26902265856
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
===========================================================
alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/controlstb.ctl';
！！！！！！按顺序执行！！！！！
//传输密码文件到备库
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
scp orapworcl oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
//拷贝监听文件到备库
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
scp listener.ora tnsnames.ora oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
//拷贝参数文件到备库
scp /tmp/init.ora oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
//拷贝数据文件到备库
scp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/* oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
//拷贝控制文件到备库
scp /tmp/controlstb.ctloracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
scp /tmp/controlstb.ctl oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
//在备库创建所需的文件夹
mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/arch/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump
chown -R oracle:oinstall/u01/app
chmod 6751/u01/app
cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
vim init.ora
//修改init.ora为如下内容：
===========================================================
*.db_unique_name='orclstd'
fal_server='orcl'
fal_client='orclstd'
log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd'
log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=orcl'
========================================================
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
vim listener.ora
========================================================
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orclstd)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orclstd)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY =EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = controller)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
===========================================================
//启动监听
lsnrctl start
//验证
tnsping orcl
tnsping orclstd
//备库操作
shut immediate
startup nomountpfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/init.ora';
alter databasemount standby database;
alter databaseopen read only;
select open_modefrom v$database;
alter databaserecover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
select open_modefrom v$database;
archive log list;
//生成自己的pfile配置文件
create pfile from spfile;
//主库操作
shut immediate
startup
//主库最终监听状态
//备库最终监听状态
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