CentOS与Compton的集成方式

Installing Compton on CentOS
To integrate Compton with CentOS, start by installing the package. For older CentOS versions (7 or earlier), use yum; for newer versions (8 or later), use dnf. Update the system first to ensure compatibility:

sudo yum update -y && sudo yum install compton -y  # CentOS 7 or earlier
sudo dnf update -y && sudo dnf install compton -y  # CentOS 8 or later

This installs Compton and its dependencies, preparing it for integration with your desktop environment.

Configuring Compton for Integration
Compton’s behavior is controlled via a configuration file, typically located at ~/.config/compton.conf. If the file doesn’t exist, create it:

mkdir -p ~/.config && nano ~/.config/compton.conf

Key configurations for seamless integration include:

• Backend Selection: Use glx for OpenGL acceleration (recommended for performance) or xrender for basic compatibility. Add to the config:

  backend = "glx"
  

• Shadow & Transparency: Disable shadows (shadow = false) and transparency (opacity = false) to reduce GPU load (adjust if you need visual effects). Example:

  shadow = false
  opacity = false
  

• Performance Tweaks: Enable vertical sync (vsync = true) to prevent screen tearing and limit frame rate (frame_rate = 60) to balance smoothness and resource usage:

  vsync = true
  frame_rate = 60
  

Save the file after making changes.

Starting Compton Manually
To test Compton without rebooting, run it with your configuration file:

compton -c ~/.config/compton.conf

This starts Compton in the foreground. To run it in the background (as a daemon), omit the -c flag or use:

compton --config ~/.config/compton.conf &

Press Ctrl+C to stop it.

Setting Up Compton as a System Service
For automatic startup on boot, create a systemd service file:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/compton.service

Add the following content (replace your-username with your actual username):

[Unit]
Description=Compton Window Composer
After=display-manager.service  # Ensures Compton starts after the display manager

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/compton -c /home/your-username/.config/compton.conf
Restart=on-failure  # Restarts Compton if it crashes
User=your-username

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target  # Enables service for all users

Save the file, then enable and start the service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable compton.service
sudo systemctl start compton.service

Check the service status to confirm it’s running:

sudo systemctl status compton.service

This ensures Compton launches automatically with your system.

Integrating with Desktop Environments
Compton works with most X11-based desktop environments (GNOME, KDE, Xfce, i3). No additional steps are required for basic integration, but you may need to adjust environment-specific settings:

• GNOME/KDE: Disable built-in compositors (e.g., GNOME’s “Mutter” or KDE’s “KWin”) to avoid conflicts. In GNOME, go to Settings > About > Software Information > Default Applications and set the window manager to “Xfwm4” (if using Xfce) or disable compositing.
• i3/Xfce: Add Compton to your window manager’s startup script (e.g., ~/.xinitrc for i3 or ~/.config/xfce4/xinitrc for Xfce). Example for i3:

  exec --no-startup-id compton -c ~/.config/compton.conf
  

This ensures Compton starts alongside your desktop environment.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Compton Not Starting: Check for conflicting compositors (disable GNOME/KDE compositors) or missing dependencies (install mesa-libGL for OpenGL support).
• Performance Issues: Disable shadows/transparency, reduce the frame rate, or switch to the xrender backend. Use cpulimit to cap CPU usage (e.g., cpulimit -l 50 -p $(pgrep compton)).
• Wayland Compatibility: Compton does not support Wayland. If you’re using Wayland, consider alternatives like picom (a Compton fork with Wayland support).