CentOS Compton与KDE Plasma集成

Integrating Compton with KDE Plasma on CentOS

Compton is a lightweight OpenGL-based window compositor that enhances desktop effects like shadows, transparency, and smooth animations. KDE Plasma, a feature-rich desktop environment, supports third-party compositors like Compton to customize window management. Below are the step-by-step instructions to integrate Compton with KDE Plasma on CentOS:

1. Install Compton on CentOS

Before integration, install Compton using the system’s package manager. For CentOS (using dnf as the default package manager):

sudo dnf install epel-release  # Enable EPEL repository for additional packages
sudo dnf install compton       # Install Compton

This installs the latest version of Compton available in the EPEL repository.

2. Configure Compton for KDE Plasma

Compton’s behavior is controlled by a configuration file (typically ~/.config/compton.conf). Create or edit this file to customize settings for KDE Plasma:

mkdir -p ~/.config              # Create .config directory if it doesn’t exist
nano ~/.config/compton.conf     # Open the configuration file in a text editor

Add the following basic configuration (customize as needed):

# Use OpenGL for rendering (recommended for modern systems)
backend = "glx";

# Exclude Firefox from shadows (prevents rendering issues with transparent windows)
shadow-exclude = [ "class_g = 'Firefox'" ];

# Enable fading effects for windows
fade = true;
fade-delta = 30;                # Speed of fading (lower = faster)

# Redirect translucent windows to avoid compositing issues
unredirect-translucent-windows = true;

# Limit frame rate to 60 FPS (reduces CPU/GPU usage)
fps-limit = 60;

Save the file and exit the editor. This configuration balances performance and visual effects for KDE Plasma.

3. Start Compton Automatically on Login

To ensure Compton launches every time you log into KDE Plasma, add it to the Startup Applications:

1. Open System Settings in KDE Plasma.
2. Navigate to Startup and Shutdown > Autostart.
3. Click Add Script to create a new startup entry.
4. Enter the following details:
   • Name: Compton (or any descriptive name).
   • Command: compton --config ~/.config/compton.conf (points to your config file).
   • Comment: Optional (e.g., “Lightweight window compositor for KDE Plasma”).
5. Click OK to save the entry.

Now, Compton will start automatically when you log into KDE Plasma.

4. Verify Compton Integration

After setting up, verify that Compton is running and working with KDE Plasma:

1. Open a terminal and run:

   ps aux | grep compton
   

   You should see a compton process running with your configured file path.
2. Test effects like window shadows, transparency (e.g., in KDE’s System Settings window), and fading animations. If something doesn’t work as expected, check the Compton log for errors:

   compton --config ~/.config/compton.conf --log-level debug
   

   This outputs detailed logs to the terminal, helping you troubleshoot issues.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Black screens or window artifacts: Disable compositing temporarily by running kwin_x11 --replace & (KDE’s native compositor) and check if the issue persists. If it goes away, adjust Compton’s glx-no-stencil or glx-copy-from-front settings in the config file.
• High CPU usage: Lower the fps-limit in the config file (e.g., set it to 30) or exclude resource-intensive applications (like web browsers) from compositing using shadow-exclude or unredirect.
• KDE Plasma settings overriding Compton: Ensure KDE’s native compositing is disabled. Go to System Settings > Display and Monitor > Compositor and set Rendering backend to None.

By following these steps, you can successfully integrate Compton with KDE Plasma on CentOS, enhancing your desktop experience with smooth animations and customizable effects.