guava中的基础工具有哪些

这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关guava中的基础工具有哪些，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。

1. 基本工具[Basic utilities]
Optional类：
/**
         * Optional 多用于map取值
         * key 存在，如果是非null值，则返回原映射值；如果是null值则返回or后面的默认值
         * key 不存在，返回or后面的默认值
         */
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("aaa", 111);
        map.put("bbb", 222);
        map.put("ccc", 333);
        map.put("ddd", 444);
        System.out.println(map.get("eee")); // 返回null值

        Object eee = Optional.fromNullable(map.get("eee")).or("555");
        System.out.println(eee);
         /*
          * jdk 1.8 已经实现
          * key存在, 如果defaultValue和映射的值不一样, 则返回defaultValue, 否则返回原映射值;
          * key不存在, 返回默认值
         */
        Object fff = map.getOrDefault(map.get("fff"), "666");
        System.out.println(fff);

        // defaultValue 侧重于给键重新赋值，Optional侧重于判断null。
结果:
null
555
666
        
Preconditions类：
    // 用来检查方法的入参是否符合条件 。。。。。。。。
    // 主要有checkNotNull、checkArgument、checkElementIndex
    public class PreconditionsTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        PreconditionsTest prec = new PreconditionsTest();

        try {
            System.out.println(prec.sqrt(-3.0));
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }

        try {
            System.out.println(prec.sum(null, 3));
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }

        try {
            System.out.println(prec.getValue(5));
        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    private int getValue(int i) {

        int[] data = {11, 22, 33, 44, 55};
        Preconditions.checkElementIndex(i, data.length, "Illegal Argument passed: Invalid index.");

        return data[i];
    }

    private int sum(Integer a, Integer b) {
        a = Preconditions.checkNotNull(a, "Illegal Argument passed: First parametere is Null.");
        b = Preconditions.checkNotNull(b, "Illegal Argument passed: Second parametere is Null.");

        return a + b;
    }

    private double sqrt(double v) {

        Preconditions.checkArgument(v > 0.0, "Illegal Argument passed: Negative value %s.", v);

        return  Math.sqrt(v);
    }
}
结果:
Illegal Argument passed: Negative value -3.0.
Illegal Argument passed: First parametere is Null.
Illegal Argument passed: Invalid index. (5) must be less than size (5)

Objects类：
// 主要方法有 equals、hashcode、toString、compare/compareTo、comparisonChain

public class ObjectsTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String testName = "root";
        String realName = "root";
        
        // 代替了testName != null && realName.equals(testName)
        if (Objects.equal(testName, realName)) {
            System.out.println(testName + "::" + realName);  
        }

        Student s1 = new Student("Mbhesh", "Pcrashar", 1, "VI");
        Student s2 = new Student("Mbhesh", "Pbrashar", 1, "VI");
        Student s3 = new Student("Mahesh", "Parashar", 1, "VI");
        Student s4 = new Student("Achesh", "Parashar", 1, "VI");
        Student s5 = new Student("Suresh", null, 3, null);
        List<Student> stu = new ArrayList<>();
        stu.add(s1);
        stu.add(s2);
        stu.add(s3);
        stu.add(s4);
        stu.add(s5);
        Collections.sort(stu);
        for (int i = 0; i < stu.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println(stu.get(i).getFirstName() + "::" + stu.get(i).getLastName());
        }
        
        // MoreObjects.toStringHelper 输出字符串更灵活
        System.out.println(MoreObjects.toStringHelper(s1).add("Name", s1.getFirstName() + " " + s1.getLastName()).add("Class", s1.getClassName()).add("Roll No", s1.getRollNo()).toString());
        System.out.println(MoreObjects.toStringHelper(s2).add("firstName", s2.getFirstName()).add("lastName", s2.getLastName()));
    }
}
    
    
class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;
    private int rollNo;
    private String className;

    public Student(String firstName, String lastName, int rollNo, String className) {

        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.rollNo = rollNo;
        this.className = className;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Student student = (Student) o;
        return rollNo == student.rollNo &&
                Objects.equal(firstName, student.firstName) &&
                Objects.equal(lastName, student.lastName) &&
                Objects.equal(className, student.className);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hashCode(firstName, lastName, rollNo, className);
    }

    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public int getRollNo() {
        return rollNo;
    }

    public void setRollNo(int rollNo) {
        this.rollNo = rollNo;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }

    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student student) {
        return ComparisonChain.start().compare(this.firstName, student.firstName).compare(this.lastName, student.lastName).result();

    }
}

输出结果:
root::root
Achesh::Parashar
Mahesh::Parashar
Mbhesh::Pbrashar
Mbhesh::Pcrashar
Suresh::null
Student{Name=Mbhesh Pcrashar, Class=VI, Roll No=1}
Student{firstName=Mbhesh, lastName=Pbrashar}

Ordering类:
// 可以跳过实现Comparator, 直接继承Ordering

        Ordering<String> byLengthOrdering = new Ordering<String>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(String str1, String str2) {
                return Ints.compare(str2.length(), str1.length());
            }
        };

        List<String> train = new ArrayList<>();
        train.add("a");
        train.add("aba");
        train.add("abbb");
        train.add("bbba");
        train.add("aaaaa");
        Collections.sort(train, byLengthOrdering);
        System.out.println(train.toString());
结果: [aaaaa, abbb, bbba, aba, a]
        
//链式调用时,从后往前读. 可以很容易控制null值  ........
        Ordering<Fruit> fruitOrdering = Ordering.natural().nullsFirst().onResultOf(new Function<Fruit, String>() {
            @Nullable
            @Override
            public String apply(@Nullable Fruit fruit) {
                return fruit.shape;
            }

        });

        List<Fruit> fruits = new ArrayList<Fruit>();
        Fruit doubleApple = new Fruit("苹果","椭圆");
        fruits.add(doubleApple);
        fruits.add(new Fruit("橘子","圆形"));
        fruits.add(new Fruit("榴莲",null));
        fruits.add(doubleApple);

        Collections.sort(fruits, fruitOrdering);
        for (Fruit fruit : fruits) {
            System.out.println(fruit.name+"::"+fruit.shape);
        }
        
        
class Fruit{
    String name;
    @Nullable String shape;

    public Fruit(String name, String shape) {
        this.name = name;
        this.shape = shape;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Nullable
    public String getShape() {
        return shape;
    }

    public void setShape(@Nullable String shape) {
        this.shape = shape;
    }
}
结果:
榴莲::null
橘子::圆形
苹果::椭圆
苹果::椭圆

上述就是小编为大家分享的guava中的基础工具有哪些了，如果刚好有类似的疑惑，不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道。